HIV Symptomer, Smitte og Behandling - Alt du bør vide - Nordic Tests ApS

HIV Symptoms, Transmission and Treatment – Everything You Should Know

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a serious viral infection that attacks the body’s immune system. Without treatment, HIV can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). It is therefore important to know the symptoms, routes of transmission and treatment options.

HIV Symptoms

Acute HIV infection (1–6 weeks after exposure)

The early symptoms often resemble the flu and may include:

  • Fever
  • Fatigue
  • Headache
  • Muscle and joint pain
  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Skin rash
  • Sore throat

Latent phase (can last for several years)

In this phase, HIV may be asymptomatic, but the virus is still active and can be transmitted.

Late stage: AIDS

Without treatment, HIV can progress to AIDS, where the immune system is severely weakened. Symptoms may include:

  • Weight loss
  • Chronic diarrhoea
  • Fungal infections
  • Recurrent infections
  • Night sweats

HIV routes of transmission

HIV is primarily transmitted through:

  • Unprotected sex (vaginal, anal or oral)
  • Blood contact (e.g. via shared needles or blood transfusions)
  • Mother-to-child transmission (during birth or breastfeeding)

HIV is not transmitted through normal physical contact such as hugging, kissing or sharing food.

Treatment of HIV

Although HIV cannot be cured, there are 

effective treatment in the form of antiretroviral therapy (ART), which:

  • Suppresses the viral load in the blood
  • Prevents the development of AIDS
  • Reduces the risk of transmission

It is crucial to start treatment early to maintain good health.

HIV Test

If you are in a risk group or suspect infection, an HIV test is important. You can take an at-home HIV test and get a quick result.

Buy an HIV self-test online at WebApoteket

FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions

What are the early symptoms of HIV?

The first symptoms often resemble the flu, with fever, fatigue, rash and swollen lymph nodes.

How soon can you test for HIV after exposure?

Most HIV tests can detect infection after 2–6 weeks, but a final test is recommended after 3 months.

Can you get HIV from kissing?

No, HIV is not transmitted through kissing, saliva, or normal physical contact.

How can you protect yourself against HIV?

Use condoms during sex, avoid sharing needles and take PrEP medication if you are in a risk group.

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